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The 13th Arkansas Infantry (1861–1865) was a Confederate Army infantry regiment during the American Civil War. Organized mainly from companies, including several prewar volunteer militia companies, raised in northeastern Arkansas, the regiment was among the first transferred to Confederate Service, and spent virtually the entire war serving in Confederate forces east of the Mississippi River. After the unit sustained heavy casualties during the Battle Murfreesboro, the unit spent most of the rest of the war field consolidated with the 13th Arkansas Infantry Regiment, to form the 5th/13th Arkansas Infantry Regiment. == Organization == The 13th Arkansas was formally organized on July 29, 1861, at Camp Ground in Greene County, Arkansas, with about 1,000 men. The companies (less Co. K) mustered into Confederate service at Harrisburg, Arkansas, on July 23, 1861. Company K, the "Erin Guards," was from St. Louis, Missouri; the rest of the companies were from northeast Arkansas.〔 Colonel A. D. Grayson was the mustering officer.〔 The regiment was organized from the following companies:〔 * Company A – the "Tappan Guards" commanded by Captain Robert B. Lambert, was originally organized as a volunteer militia company under the 12th Militia Regiment of Phillips County on May 23, 1861, under the command of Captain James C. Tappan.〔 For an unknown reason, the company officers were issued new militia commissions as beloniging to the 14th Regiment, Arkansas State Militia on August 1, 1861. * Company B – the "Richland Rangers", originally organized as a volunteer militia company in the 19th Militia Regiment〔 of St. Francis County, Arkansas, enlisted August 1, 1861, at Madison, Arkansas, under the command of Captain John C. Johnson, Captain J. R. Shelton succeeded Johnson in command.〔 * Company C – the "Harrisburg Vindicators", commanded by Captain Benjamin Harris from Poinsett County, Arkansas, by the time of the Battle of Shiloh, 1st Lieutenant J. H. Hall had assumed command. The company was originally organized as a volunteer militia company under the 14th Regiment, Arkansas State Militia of Poinsett County, Arkansas, with commissions being issued to the company officers on August 1, 1861.〔 * Company D – Commanded by Captain Andrew Balfour from Lawrence County, Arkansas.〔 The company officers were issued militia commissions as officers of a volunteer militia company under the 14th Regiment, Arkansas State Militia of Poinsett County, Arkansas, with commissions being issued on August 12, 1861. * Company F – "Rough and Ready", commanded by Captain Thomas Wilds from Greene County, Arkansas. The company was originally organized as a volunteer militia company in the 14th Militia Regiment, under the command of Captain William F. J. Clements with commissions being issued on August 10, 1862. The clerk which recorded the commissions incerted a note "Greene County" in the list of Commissioned Officers with this company.〔 * Company G – Commanded by Captain Hogan W. Murphy from St. Francis County, Arkansas.〔 * Company H – the "Mound City Greys", commanded by Captain Braxton C. Crump from Crittenden County, Arkansas.〔 The company was originally organized as a volunteer militia company under the 30th Regiment, Arkansas State Militia of Poinsett County, Arkansas, with commissions being issued to the officers on July 5, 1861.〔Arkansas Military Department Records, List of Commissioned Officers in State Militia 1827–1862, Microfilm Roll 00000038-8, Page 41〕 * Company I – the "Confederate Greys", commanded by Captain James M. Pollard from Craighead County, Arkansas.〔 The company was originally organized as a volunteer militia company under the 55th Regiment, Arkansas State Militia of Craighead County, Arkansas, with commissions being issued to the officers on August 18, 1861.〔Arkansas Military Department Records, List of Commissioned Officers in State Militia 1827–1862, Microfilm Roll 00000038-8, Page 461〕 * Company K – the "Erin Guards," commanded by Captain George B. Hunt from Washington County, Missouri.〔 This company contained a large number of Irish immigrants that had been working in Missouri before the war. These immigrants were led south by Patrick Ahearn. Ahearn had belong to a Missouri State Guard company which was captured at Camp Jackson, outside of St. Louis. Ahearn had disguised his men as a gang of laborers, and moved south, eventually coming in contact with a Captain Hunt, whose company apparently also contained Irishmen. The two groups united to become Company K.〔Montomery, J.M. "Reminisceness of a Cavalryman", Papers of the Washington County Historical Society, Acccessed 31 October 2013, http://www.lthome.com/genealogy/documents/07%20Chapter%20six%20-%20Military%20activities%20in%20Washington%20County%20part%201.pdf〕〔Hughes, Nathaniel Cheairs, The Civil War Memoir of Philip Dangerfield Stephenson, D.D., Private, Company K., 13th Arkansas Volunteer Infantry, and Loader, Piece No.4, 5th Company, Washington Artillery. Conway, AR: University of Central Arkansas Press, 1995, Page 28〕 The original regimental officers elected at the formation of the regiment were:〔〔Compiled Service Records of Confederate Soldiers Who Served in Organizations from the State of Arkansas. NARA M317. Accessed 15 March 2012, http://www.fold3.com/image/#20|222028708〕 * James C. Tappan, Colonel. * A. D. Grayson, Lieutenant Colonel. * James A. McNeely, Major. * William N. Mercer, Adjutant. * P. Van Patten, Surgeon. * E. T. Wimpy, Hospital Steward. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「13th Arkansas Infantry Regiment」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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